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  • Class and Course

    Rock Physics - Integrating Petrophysical, Geomechanical, and Seismic Measurements - (Remote Instructor-Led Series)

    This is a Remote Instructor Led Series (RILS) training. The remote classroom delivery is a modality that takes advantage of the instructor led training content,
    while allowing the same content to be delivered remotely.
    All training sessions will be delivered online with no face-to-face classroom attendance. This class will be delivered in 4 hour sessions over 5 days.

    Rock physics is a key component in oil and gas exploration, development, and production. It combines concepts and principles from geology, geophysics, petrophysics, applied mathematics, and other disciplines. Rock physics provides the empirical relationships, understanding, and theory to connect petrophysical, geomechanical, and seismic data to the intrinsic properties of rocks, such as mineralogy, porosity, pore shapes, pore fluids, pore pressures, stresses, and overall architectures like laminations and fractures. Rock physics is needed to optimize all imaging and reservoir characterization solutions based on geophysical
    data and the data used to build mechanical earth models for solving geomechanical problems.
    Attendees of this course will obtain an understanding of the sensitivity of elastic waves in the earth to mineralogy, porosity, pore shapes, pore fluids, pore pressures, stresses, and the anisotropy of the rock fabric resulting from the depositional and stress history of the rock. They will also learn how to use this understanding in the quantitative interpretation of seismic data and in the
    construction of mechanical earth models. A variety of applications and real data examples will be presented

    Day 1

    Introduction to rock physics

    • Sedimentary rocks as heterogeneous media
    • Representative elementary volume (REV)
    • Elastic wave velocities
    • Hooke’s law and elastic anisotropy

    Mixture models in rock physics

    • Rock physics bounds on elastic properties
    • Modulus-porosity relations for clean sands
    • Critical porosity and mechanical percolation
    • Fluid properties and mixtures

    Fluid substitution modeling

    • Gassmann’s equations and fluid substitution modeling
    • Effects of fluid saturation on rock properties
    Day 2

    Rock Physics models for clastics

    • Diagenetic trends in velocity-porosity relations
    • Sorting trends in velocity-porosity relations
    • Rock physics models for shaly-sands and shales
    • Shear velocity estimation

    Rock Physics models for carbonates

    • Effective medium and effective field theories – Inclusion models
    • Velocity-porosity relations for carbonate

    Poroelasticity

    • Biot’s theory – frequency effects
    • Patchy saturation – heterogeneous fluid distribution
    • Squirt flow
    Day 3

    Introduction to Geomechanics

    • The state of stress in the Earth
    • Pore-pressure and effective stress
    • Over-pressure prediction
    • Fracture gradient estimation
    • Stress sensitivity of sedimentary rocks

    Wellbore/Drilling Geomechanics

    • Borehole stability
    • Wellbore stability and wave velocities near a borehole
    • Determination of velocity variations around a borehole using sonic logging
    Day 4

    Seismic applications of rock physics

    • Reflection coefficients and AVO
    • Elastic impedance
    • AVO inversion
    • Rock physics templates
    • Effect of anisotropy on AVO

    Seismic applications of geomechanics

    • 3D mechanical earth modeling
    • Seismic pore pressure prediction
    • Rock compressibilities and relation of 4D seismic to well testing
    • Reservoir geomechanics and stress effects in 4D seismic monitoring
    Day 5

    Fractured reservoir characterization

    • Fractured reservoirs
    • Seismic characterization of fractured reservoirs (shear splitting)
    • Models for fractured reservoirs

    Unconventional shale reservoirs

    • Shales – origin and composition
    • Anisotropy of shales
    • Hydraulic fracture design in shales
    • Rock physics modeling of organic-rich shales
    • Seismic AVO response of organic-rich shales Stress anisotropy and impact on well performance

    Geoscientists, petrophysicists, and engineers wishing to understand rock physics and learn how to work together in integrated
    teams to build geomechanical models.

    A basic knowledge of Geology, Geophysics, and Petrophysics.

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